Wiring And Schematic

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Friday, December 12, 2014

Battery Charger for 12v

This is a design of the circuit diagram of a simple and straight forward battery charger that can be used to charge all type of 12V rechargeable batteries including car batteries.

This circuit is completed with ammeter VU for displaying the current. This is the figure of the circuit.

Sunday, September 14, 2014

Voltage Tester for Model Batteries Circuit

With a suitable load, the terminal voltage of a NiCd or lithium-ion battery is proportional to the amount of stored energy. This relationship, which is linear over a wide range, can be used to build a simple battery capacity meter.

Circuit Image :

Voltage Tester for Model Batteries Circuit Image

This model battery tester has two functions: it provides a load for the battery, and at the same time it measures the terminal voltage. In addition, both functions can be switched on or off via a model remote-control receiver, to avoid draining the battery when it is not necessary to make a measurement. The load network, which consists of a BC517 Darlington transistor (T2) and load resistor R11 (15 Ω /5 W), is readily evident. When the load is active, the base of T1 lies practically at ground level. Consequently, T1 conducts and allows one of the LEDs to be illuminated.

Circuit Diagram :
Voltage

Voltage Tester for Model Batteries Circuit Diagram

The thoroughly familiar voltmeter schema, which is based on the LM3914 LED driver, determines which LED is lit. The values of R6 and R7 depend on the type and number of cells in the battery. The objective here is not to measure the entire voltage range from 0 V, but rather to display the portion of the range between the fully charged voltage and the fully discharged voltage. Since a total of ten LEDs are used, the display is very precise. For a NiCd battery with four cells, the scale runs from 4.8 V to 5.5 V when R6 = R7 = 2 kΩ. The measurement scale for a lithium-ion battery with two cells ranges from 7.2 V to 8.0 V if R6 = 2 kΩ and R7 = 1 kΩ.

For remote-control operation, both jumpers should be placed in the upper position (between pin 1 and the middle pin). In this configuration, either a positive or negative signal edge will start the measurement process. A positive edge triggers IC1a, whose output goes High and triggers IC1b. A negative edge has no effect on IC1a, but it triggers IC1b directly. In any case, the load will be activated for the duration of the pulse from monostable IC1b. Use P12 to set the pulse width of IC1a to an adequate value, taking care that it is shorter than the pulse width of IC1b.

If the voltage tester is fitted into a remote-controlled model, you can replace the jumpers with simple wire bridges. However, if you want to use it for other purposes, such as measuring the amount of charge left in a video camera battery, it is recommended to connect double-throw push-button switches in place of JP1 and JP2. The normally closed contact corresponds to the upper jumper position,while the normally open contact corresponds to the lower position.

Parts :

Resistors:
R1,R2 = 47kΩ
R3 = 100kΩ
R4 = 500kΩ
R5 = 1kΩ
R6,R7 = see text (1% resistors!)
R8 = 1kΩ5
R9 = 1kΩ2
R10 = 330Ω
R11 = 15Ω 5W
R12 = 15kΩ
P1 = 100kΩ preset
Capacitors:
C1 = 10nF
C2 = 100nF
Semiconductors:
D1-D10 = LED, red, high effi-ciency
T1 = BC557
T2 = BC517
IC1 = 74HC123
IC2 = LM3914AN
Miscellaneous:
PC1,PC2,PC3 = solder pin
JP1,JP2 = jumper or pushbutton

PCB Layout :

Voltage Tester for Model Batteries PCB Layout

Streampowers

Tuesday, September 9, 2014

Switching inverter for 12v systems circuit diagram

This PWM control schema provides the control pulse to the DMOS Power Switch in the flyback schema. The output of the PWM is a pulse whose width is proportional to the input control voltage and whose repetition rate is determined by an external clock signal.

To provide the control input to the PWM and to prevent the output voltage from soaring or sagging as the load changes the error amplifier and reference voltage complete the design. They act as the feedback loop in this control schema much like that of a servo control system.

Switching inverter for 12v systems schema diagram

Thursday, September 4, 2014

Tips for caring power supply units

Power Supply on a computer is an energy source that drives the computer you. With power supply, hardware on the computer is given "power" to can work in accordance with their respective functions Power Supply on a computer to work as a flow modifier (Adapter) from AC current into DC.

Power supply is working on 2 pieces of 5-volt DC voltage and 12 Volt. In a power supply, voltage 12 volt is usually characterized with a yellow cable, while the voltage is 5 Volt is marked with cable red.

Tips to maintain power supply in order to remain durable

1. Make sure you buy the power supply to suit your computer needs. Buy power supply that is guaranteed quality.

2. Make sure when you install a power supply on your computer already in the correct position. Make a tightening of the socket-outlet power supply to the motherboard, hard drive, CDRom, etc.. If you do the installation is not correct it will be fatal and can be a fire or a short-circuit will occur on your hardware.

3. Check your power supply voltages in the BIOS Hardware Monitor or Hardware Management. Is it permissible range qualified. If it does not fit will usually be marked with red writing.

4. Check the condition of the fan at any time at least 3 months. Or, when you have a problem on your computer such as Hang, Restart and Total death. Clean the fan if necessary and give a lubricant (contact cleaner) in as a fan.

5. Do not put your CPU is too close (mepet) with the wall. Because it would cause air circulation fan should be running with the operation will be disrupted.

Friday, August 29, 2014

Great Brands for Good Prices on Auto Sound Systems

If you are one of the many people across the country considering a new auto sound system, there is a great deal of good news. First of all, it is very possible to find a good bargain on a nice sound system for your car, truck, or SUV if you are willing to shop online and install the system yourself. The problem often lies not in the cost of the system but the price of the installation. However, the cost of installation is well worth the dollar amount for many of us who really have no clue what to do as far as a project of that scope goes. I for one am among the electronically challenged and not really willing to risk my dash board for an experiment in frustration and failed electronics.

That being said, there are many who are either perfectly and wonderfully capable of installing a nice auto sound system or are fortunate enough to know someone or someone who knows someone who is. For you, finding a great bargain online is probably the best way to go-provided youve actually been in the shop and heard the sound quality of the particular system you are considering. I would never recommend buying a system youve never heard in action no matter how great of a bargain you think you are getting.

Ive found that some of these systems are not even as good as the minimal factory installed systems that come standard in most cars, trucks, or SUVs on the road today. You do not want to pay money and spend time and effort for the installation of a sound system that isnt at least better than the one you currently have.

There are times when you do not have to go with top of the line or well known brands in order to have a great sound or auto sound system. But there are some well-known, good quality makers of sound systems that do not cost a fortune. You can find some very nice sound systems that are not exactly top of the line but also offer great quality sound and excellent features (particularly when compared to factory installed sound systems).

If youre looking for a very nice auto sound system you can find some good ones by popular brands for well under $300. They have some that are even less expensive but those in the $300 range generally offer a little boost in quality from those that can be found at lower prices. Of course, this isnt always the case and you will occasionally find some excellent systems at even lower prices than this. You and you alone can tell if the system you choose is one that you will be happy with.

The thing to remember is to listen to the sounds of the systems then make your decision and compare prices. Alpine, Kenwood, and JVC all have excellent auto sound systems in a wide variety of price ranges. There are times with these systems that paying a little extra is worth it. If you are satisfied with the quality of a less expensive sound system however, there is no real reason why you should purchase a more expensive system. You are the one who will be riding in your car, truck, or SUV and it is only important what you think of the system you select.

Saturday, August 23, 2014

Car Charger And Switcher Circuit For SLA Battery

This schema was devised to switch power to a Peltier cooler in a vehicle. Power to the load from the vehicle’s battery is switched by a SPDT relay while the ignition switch is turned on and from the SLA auxiliary battery when the ignition is off.

The SLA battery is charged from the vehicle’s battery. When the engine is running, the voltage remains fairly constant, which greatly simplifies the charging schema. If the SLA battery is fully charged, any further charging current from the vehicle battery is limited by a 3.3W 5W resistor (R1). If the SLA battery is deeply discharged, the voltage drop across this resistor will be enough to bias on PNP transistor Q1. This will turn on P-channel Mosfet Q2 and it will provide further charging current via R2, effectively becoming a 2-step charger.

Since the paralleled resistors (R1 & R2) have a lower combined voltage drop, Q1 will receive lower base bias, which in turn will cause Mosfet Q2 to fully saturate. This positive feedback creates a clean transition between the two states and prevents Q2 from over-dissipating by being partially on. The current then will ramp down until the battery is only receiving a trickle charge and the voltage drop across the paralleled resistors is only a few dozen millivolts. Schottky diode D1 prevents the SLA battery from discharging into the vehicle’s accessory diagram when the engine is off.

Two safety devices are included in the schema, the first being in-line fuse F1 which will prevent serious damage in case of shorts. In addition, a PTC resettable thermistor (RT1) protects the battery from sustained over-currents during the charging phase. It is a 1.85A hold, 3.70A trip device at 23°C. Since it has a positive temperature coefficient, at 70°C, these ratings decrease to 1A and 2A for hold and trip respectively, which can further protect the battery.

Car Charger And Switcher Circuit For SLA Battery Circuits Diagram

Lastly, to protect the SLA battery from deep discharge, a low voltage disconnect is included. This is centred around REG1, a voltage reference configured as a comparator. Its reference (REF) input is connected to a voltage divider, as long as "enable" switch S1 is closed.

Whenever the voltage at REG1’s reference terminal exceeds 2.5V, its anode will be pulled low, biasing on PNP transistor Q3. Q3 provides positive feedback via the 270kΩ resistor and diode D2 to turn on N-channel Mosfet Q4, which allows the load to be powered up.

If the SLA battery voltage drops below 10V, the reference terminal will fall below 2.5V and the anode of REG1 will go high, thereby removing bias from Q3 and turning off Q4 to disconnect the load and prevent deep discharge. LED1 indicates when power is being applied to the load.

Extend Timer Range For The 555

Anyone who has designed diagram using the 555 timer chip will, at some time have wished that it could be programmed for longer timing periods. Timing periods greater than a few minutes are difficult to achieve because component leakage currents in large timing capacitors become significant. There is however no reason to opt for a purely digital solution just yet. The schema shown here uses a 555 timer in the design but nevertheless achieves a timing interval of up to an hour! The trick here is to feed the timing capacitor not with a constant voltage but with a pulsed dc voltage. The pulses are derived from the un smoothed low voltage output of the power supply bridge rectifier.

The power supply output is not referenced to earth potential and the pulsing full wave rectified signal is fed to the base of T1 via resistor R1. A 100-Hz square wave signal is produced on the collector of T1 as the transistor switches. The positive half of this waveform charges up the timing capacitor C1 via D2 and P1. Diode D2 prevents the charge on C1 from discharging through T1 when the square wave signal goes low. Push-button S1 is used to start the timing period. This method of charging uses relatively low component values for P1 (2.2 MΩ) and C1 (100 to 200 µF) but achieves timing periods of up to an hour which is much longer than a standard 555 schema configuration.

Thursday, August 21, 2014

Power Amplifier for Audio Laptop

Frequently, the sound yield from a laptops fabricated-in speakers is flat. A capacity intensifier is needed to get an elevated volume. Here is an effortless circuit to intensify the laptops sound yield.

The circuit is constructed around capacity enhancer IC LA 4440 (IC1) and a few alternate parts. LA4440 is a double channel sound capacity speaker. It has level twisting over a vast run of flat to towering frequencies with exceptional channel detachment. Inbuilt double channels prepare it for stereo and extension speaker provisions.

image : http://circuitschematicelectronics.blogspot.com/2011/02/2-x-20-watt-car-amplifier.html

In double mode LA4440 gives 6 watts for every divert and in scaffold mode 19-watt yield. It has swell denial of 46 dB. The sound impact might be grasped by utilizing several 6-watt speakers. Associate binds 2, 6 and ground of IC1 to the stereo jack which is to be utilized with the laptop. Collect the circuit on a customary-reason PCB and encase in a suitable bureau. The circuit works off managed 12V capacity supply. It is suggested to utilize sound enter socket in the circuit plank. Utilize a decent hotness-sink for LA4440.

Monday, August 18, 2014

Rangkaian Power Supply for tube amplifier

Power supply for EL-34 tube is specially designed for the purposes of power supply at the push-pull amplifier with EL-34 tube as in article 35 Watt Tube Power Amplifier Push Pull before.
Power supply for EL-34 tube amplifier is made with transformers CT and 2 pieces diode as rectifier. Mechanical filters are applied in the power supply uses 3 levels. Power supply for tube power amplifier can deliver output voltages +220 VDC. Circuit details can be seen in the following figure.

The above power supply circuit has a high output voltage so that need to be considered in the manufacture and perakitanya because electricity can tesengat (stun). Power Supply For Tube Power Amplifier With Diode EL-34 was created specifically for the power amplifier tube push pull EL-34.

Sunday, August 17, 2014

Best Buffer Amplifier for Multiplexers Wiring diagram Schematic

This is a Best Buffer Amplifier for Multiplexers Circuit Diagram. A buffer amplifier (sometimes simply called a buffer) is one that provides electrical impedance transformation from one schema to another. The precision input characteristics of the HA-5147 help simplify system error budgets, while its speed and drive capabilities provide fast charging of the multiplexer`s output capacitance.

Read: Stabilized Capacitance Buffer Circuit Diagram

Best Buffer Amplifier for Multiplexers Circuit Diagram

This speed eliminates an increased multiplexer acquisition time, which can be induced by more limited amplifiers. The HA-5147 accurately transfers information to the next stage while effectively reducing any loading effects on the multiplexer`s output.

Thursday, August 14, 2014

8 Digit Code Lock for Appliance Switching Wiring diagram Schematic

This code lock is useful for appliances requiring exclusive or authorised use by those who know the preset code. If desired, the code can be changed.

The schema doesn’t require additional AND or NOT gate operations at the outputs. It uses two pairs of 4-way DIP switches. The code is set using DIP switches DIP3 and DIP4. Then these two switches are hidden inside the assembly. With DIP3 and DIP4, up to 256 code combinations are possible. The unlocking code is set by the user using DIP switches DIP1 and DIP2, which is compared with the preset code entered earlier via DIP3 and DIP4. If the two codes match, transistor T1 conducts.

8-Digit Code Lock for Appliance Switching Circuit Diagram

The codes are compared using two cascaded 4-bit magnitude comparator Ics (IC1 and IC2). If the input nibble present at DIP1 matches with preset DIP3 nibble, output pin 6 of IC1 (connected to input pin 3 of IC2) goes high. Now if nibble present at DIP2 matches with the preset nibble at DIP4, pin 6 of IC2 also goes high. This high output drives transistor T1 and the appliance turns on via relay contacts.

After use, disturb the positions of DIP1 and DIP2 so that the appliance can’t be operated by unauthorised persons. This will also switch the appliance off.

The schema works off a 5V DC power supply. Hidden switch S0 can be used to manually turn on/off the appliance if you have forgotten the preset code.

Caution. You may use this code lock at your own risk. After all, a clever intruder will try all 256 possible combinations one after the other to break the secret code.

Author : Maneesh Chadha Sorced By : EFY