Wiring And Schematic

Showing posts with label voltage. Show all posts

Tuesday, November 4, 2014

Stereo Amplifier with Voltage Regulators

A simple stereo audio amplifier is built around two 7905 negative-voltage regulators (IC1 and IC2) and a few discrete components. The circuit will also work with other 79XX regulators if appropriate power supply is used. Regulator IC 7905 works as an amplifier for the voltages applied to common pin2 (Ground or GND). Also check the LM317 audio amplifier, another interesting circuit.

The minimal voltage drop over the standard 7905 is around 2V and it depends on the output current. Feedback resistors in the IC set the gain of the channel internally. The amplifier is a class-A audio amplifier. The minimal applicable value of R3 for the regulator 7905 is 8.2 to 10 ohms per 5W.

1W Stereo Amplifier with Voltage Regulators Circuit Diagram:

If the required output current for LS1 is below 100 mA, the value of resistor R3 can be 33 to 51 ohms per watt. The circuit works with any load resistance (R3 in parallel with LS1 as the load) under the condition that the regulator is not overloaded with current and power dissipation. However, it is preferable to use a loudspeaker with a high resistance (8 ohms, 16 ohms or more). The amplifier works well with low-impedance headphones having a resistance of 24 to 32 ohms. The voltage difference between the ground pin of 7905 and the output pin is fixed internally.

S2 is the on/off switch. Switch S1 is for mono/stereo selection. When switch S1 is closed, the amplifier works as a two-way mono amplifier. If S1 is open, the amplifier works as a stereo amplifier. If no input signal is applied, the DC voltage on the output of the regulator 7905 should be around –5V, which depends to some extent on the value of VR1. The maximum output current of 7905 can be up to 1A and the maximum power dissipation is up to 15W. Mount the regulator IC 7905 on a heat-sink with thermal resistance below 15°C/W.

Sunday, November 2, 2014

L200 VOLTAGE REGULATOR SOFT START MECHANISM ELECTRONIC DIAGRAM

The Vo follows the voltage at pin 2 at less than 0.45 V since a voltage of more than 0.45 V cannot be produced between pins 5 and pins 2.

Constant current ic is charge capacitor C, where

ic= Vsc/R

After the time ton, the output reaches it’s nominal value

Vo-Vsc = (Ic.ton)/C

ton=C.[(Vo-0.45)/0.45].R = CVoR/0.45

Friday, October 3, 2014

Stabilized 3V Voltage Source Reference

This LM10 circuit can be used as low voltage low current voltage source or reference. This circuit regulate the voltage from the power supply to give a very stable output. This is the figure of the simple circuit diagram;

The minimum voltage level for powering this circuit require only 0.2V above the output level, showing the low drop out (LDO) feature of this circuit.

Monday, September 15, 2014

High Voltage regulator schematics

In this series of essentially the same principle with the power supply, but power supply is working to produce high voltage. And high voltage which is regulated by this series becomes more filtered and either used for electronic devices that are not easily damaged.

Sunday, September 14, 2014

Voltage Tester for Model Batteries Circuit

With a suitable load, the terminal voltage of a NiCd or lithium-ion battery is proportional to the amount of stored energy. This relationship, which is linear over a wide range, can be used to build a simple battery capacity meter.

Circuit Image :

Voltage Tester for Model Batteries Circuit Image

This model battery tester has two functions: it provides a load for the battery, and at the same time it measures the terminal voltage. In addition, both functions can be switched on or off via a model remote-control receiver, to avoid draining the battery when it is not necessary to make a measurement. The load network, which consists of a BC517 Darlington transistor (T2) and load resistor R11 (15 Ω /5 W), is readily evident. When the load is active, the base of T1 lies practically at ground level. Consequently, T1 conducts and allows one of the LEDs to be illuminated.

Circuit Diagram :
Voltage

Voltage Tester for Model Batteries Circuit Diagram

The thoroughly familiar voltmeter schema, which is based on the LM3914 LED driver, determines which LED is lit. The values of R6 and R7 depend on the type and number of cells in the battery. The objective here is not to measure the entire voltage range from 0 V, but rather to display the portion of the range between the fully charged voltage and the fully discharged voltage. Since a total of ten LEDs are used, the display is very precise. For a NiCd battery with four cells, the scale runs from 4.8 V to 5.5 V when R6 = R7 = 2 kΩ. The measurement scale for a lithium-ion battery with two cells ranges from 7.2 V to 8.0 V if R6 = 2 kΩ and R7 = 1 kΩ.

For remote-control operation, both jumpers should be placed in the upper position (between pin 1 and the middle pin). In this configuration, either a positive or negative signal edge will start the measurement process. A positive edge triggers IC1a, whose output goes High and triggers IC1b. A negative edge has no effect on IC1a, but it triggers IC1b directly. In any case, the load will be activated for the duration of the pulse from monostable IC1b. Use P12 to set the pulse width of IC1a to an adequate value, taking care that it is shorter than the pulse width of IC1b.

If the voltage tester is fitted into a remote-controlled model, you can replace the jumpers with simple wire bridges. However, if you want to use it for other purposes, such as measuring the amount of charge left in a video camera battery, it is recommended to connect double-throw push-button switches in place of JP1 and JP2. The normally closed contact corresponds to the upper jumper position,while the normally open contact corresponds to the lower position.

Parts :

Resistors:
R1,R2 = 47kΩ
R3 = 100kΩ
R4 = 500kΩ
R5 = 1kΩ
R6,R7 = see text (1% resistors!)
R8 = 1kΩ5
R9 = 1kΩ2
R10 = 330Ω
R11 = 15Ω 5W
R12 = 15kΩ
P1 = 100kΩ preset
Capacitors:
C1 = 10nF
C2 = 100nF
Semiconductors:
D1-D10 = LED, red, high effi-ciency
T1 = BC557
T2 = BC517
IC1 = 74HC123
IC2 = LM3914AN
Miscellaneous:
PC1,PC2,PC3 = solder pin
JP1,JP2 = jumper or pushbutton

PCB Layout :

Voltage Tester for Model Batteries PCB Layout

Streampowers

Sunday, September 7, 2014

Build a High Voltage Dc Generator Wiring diagram Schematic

High Voltage Dc Generator Circuit Diagram. In the miniature high-voltage dc generator, the input to the schema, taken from a 12-Vdc power supply, is magnified to provide a 10,000-Vdc output causing a pulsating signal, of opposite polarity, to be induced in Tl`s secondary winding.

The pulsating dc output at the secondary winding of Tl (ranging from 800 to 1000 V) is applied to a 10-stage voltage-multiplier schema, which consists of D1 through D10, and C3 through C12. The multiplier schema increased the voltage 10 times, producing an output of up to 10,000 Vdc. The multiplier accomplishes its task by charging the capacitors (C3 tlirough C12); the output is a series addition of the voltages on all the capacitors in the multiplier. In order for the schema to operate efficiently, the frequency of the square wave, and therefore the signal applied to the multiplier, must be considered.

The output frequency of the oscillator (Ul-a) is set by the combined values of Kv Rr>, and C{ (which with the values specified is approximately 15 kHz). Potentiometer R5 is used to fine tune the output frequency of the oscillator. The higher the frequency of the oscillator, the lower the capacitivc reactance in the multiplier. Light-emitting diode LED1 serves as an input-power indicator, and neon lamp NE1 indicates an output at the secondary of Tl. A good way to get the maximum output at the multiplier is to connect an oscilloscope to the high-voltage output of the multiplier, via a high-voltage probe, and adjust potentiometer R5 for the maximum voltage output.

High Voltage Dc Generator Circuit Diagram

Thursday, September 4, 2014

High Voltage Generator Wiring diagram Schematic

This is a short High Voltage Generator Circuit Diagram of a high voltage generator and can be mounted in a small space and powered by rechargeable or simple batteries, the schema generates a voltage low current but a high turn-on of about 200 to 400 V harmless to humans, of course, but is able to give a pretty nasty shock.

High Voltage Generator Circuit Diagram

Here is a project that could be useful this summer on the beach, to prevent anyone touching your things left on your beach towel while you was swimming, you can equally well use it in the office or workshop when you return to work. It operates as a low frequency oscillator, which makes it possible to convert the battery voltage into a DC voltage alternating current that can be enhanced through the transformer.

Using a transformer with center tap as herein makes possible the construction of a Hartley oscillator transistor T1 around The output voltage can be used directly through R2 and R3 current limiting resistors, which should not in any circumstances be omitted or modified, they are what make the schema have security. You will then get about 200 V peak-to-peak, which is already quite unpleasant to the touch.

But you can also use a voltage doubler, shown at the bottom right of the figure, which will produce about 300 V, even more unpleasant to the touch. Here too, of course, the resistance, you know how R4 and R5, should always be present. It can be used in small electric fences, chase away animals, etc.

Tuesday, September 2, 2014

Voltage to pulse Duration Converter Wiring diagram Schematic

This is a schema of Voltage-to-Pulse Duration Converter. This schema is used to convert voltage into pulse duration by combining a timer IC and an OP Amp. Accuracies to better than 1% can be obtained with this schema (a), and the output signals (b) still retain the original frequency, independent of the input voltage.

Voltage-to-pulse Duration Converter Circuit Diagram

Monday, September 1, 2014

110 and 220V AC LED Voltage Indicator Wiring diagram Schematic

This schema, designed on request, has proven to be useful to indicate when the voltage in a power supply line is changing from 120V to 240Vac. It can be used in different circumstances and diagram, mainly when an increase in ac or dc supply voltage needs to be detected. D3 illuminates when the line voltage is approaching 120V and will remain in the on state also at 240V supply. On the other hand, D6 will illuminate only when the line voltage is about 240V and will stay on because the latching action of Q1, Q2 and related components. C1, D1 and D2 provide a low dc voltage in the 4.5V - 6V range in order to allow proper operation of latch schema and LEDs.

110 and 220V AC LED Voltage Indicator Circuit diagram

Parts:

R1_____________470R 1/2W Resistor
R2_____________220K 1/4W Resistor
R3,R7__________470R 1/4W Resistors
R4_______________1K 1/4W Resistor
R5_______________2K2 1/4W Resistor
R6_____________330R 1/4W Resistor
C1_____________330nF 630V Polyester Capacitor
C2______________10µF 25V Electrolytic Capacitor
D1,D2________1N4007 1000V 1A Diode
D3,D6___________LEDs (Color and shape at will)
D4_________BZX79C10 10V 500mW Zener Diode (See Notes)
D5___________1N4148 75V 150mA Diode
Q1____________BC547 45V 100mA NPN Transistor
Q2____________BC557 45V 100mA PNP Transistor

Notes:

D4 value could require some adjustment in order to allow precise switching of the schema at the chosen voltage. If the case, please try values in the 8.2V - 15V range.
Warning! The schema is connected to 240Vac mains, then some parts in the schema board are subjected to lethal potential! Avoid touching the schema when plugged and enclose it in a plastic box.

Friday, August 29, 2014

3V Fluorescent lamp voltage source

Fluorescent lamp assembly using only a 3V voltage source. 2 battery which i parallel to supply its circuit of fluorescent lamp. By using the above circuit is very useful if it saves electricity and power outages at home , or used in a dark place.

Circuit of works, and lamp lights

This is circuit , battery , and fluorescent lamp 20W


Working circuit on the dark

Interest with this circuit : Fish Caller Electronics

Thursday, August 21, 2014

7812 voltage stabilizer

To obtain a pure DC voltage, then we must consider the regulation voltages and currents that we change from AC to DC current. For that we need some settings that can support our own making and its components were easy to get in the electronics market.

This is series Power Supply that can be used on trafo 5 Ampere up to 10 Amperes.

If you want to use a larger transformer than 5 Amperes transistor 2N3055 is suggested that the double for the exit of the collector current is larger and in accordance with the current out of the transformer. How pemasanganya enough in the series on all sides of the pin.

Build a Period To Voltage Converter Wiring diagram Schematic

this is the simple Period To Voltage Converter Circuit Diagram. The input signal drives ICD. Because ICD`s positive input (V+) is slightly offset to + 0.1 V, its steady state output will be around +13 V. This voltage is sent to ICC through D2, setting ICC`s output to +13 V. Therefore, point D is cut off by Dl, and CI is charged by the current source.

Assuming the initial voltage on CI is zero, the maximum voltage (^Cinax) is given by: When the input goes from low to high, a narrow positive pulse is generated at point A. This pulse becomes -13 V at point B, which cuts off D2. ICC`s V+ voltage becomes zero.

Period To Voltage Converter Circuit Diagram

The charge on CI will be absorbed by ICC on in a short time. The time constant of C2 and R5 determines the discharge periodâ€” about 10 /is. ICB is a buffer whose gain is equal to (R& + R9)~Rg = lM5. ICD`s average voltage will be (1362f 1.545) + 2 = 1052/. RIO and C3 smooth the sawtooth waveform to a dc output.

Saturday, August 16, 2014

4 x 50 Watt power amplifier and multiple voltage regulator

FEATURES

I2C-bus control
Can drive a 2 Ω load with a battery voltage of up to 16 V and a 4 Ω load with a battery voltage of up to 18 V
DC load detection, open, short and present
AC load (tweeter) detection
Programmable clip detect; 1 % or 4 %
Programmable thermal protection pre-warning
Independent short-circuit protection per channel
Low gain line driver mode (20 dB)
Loss-of-ground and open VP safe
All outputs protected from short-circuit to ground, to VP or across the load
All pins protected from short-circuit to ground
Soft thermal-clipping to prevent audio holes
Low battery detection.
Voltage regulators

PROTECTION

If connection to the battery voltage is reversed, all regulator voltages will be zero
Able to withstand voltages at the output of up to 18 V (supply line may be short-circuited)
Thermal protection to avoid thermal breakdown
Load-dump protection
Regulator outputs protected from DC short-circuit to ground or to supply voltage
All regulators protected by foldback current limiting
Power switches protected from loss-of-ground.

APPLICATIONS

Boost amplifier and voltage regulator for car radios and CD/MD players.

GENERAL DESCRIPTION

Amplifiers The TDA8588 has a complementary quad audio power amplifier that uses BCDMOS technology. It contains four amplifiers configured in Bridge Tied Load (BTL) to drive speakers for front and rear left and right channels. The I2C-bus allows diagnostic information of each amplifier and its speaker to be read separately. Both front and both rear channel amplifiers can be configured independently in line driver mode with a gain of 20 dB (differential output).

Voltage regulators

The TDA8588 has a multiple output voltage regulator with two power switches. The voltage regulator contains the following:
Four switchable regulators and one permanently active regulator (microcontroller supply)
Two power switches with loss-of-ground protection
A reset output that can be used to communicate with a microcontroller.
The quiescent current has a very low level of 150 µA with only regulator 2 active.

Circuit Diagram: