Wiring And Schematic

Showing posts with label simple. Show all posts

Friday, December 12, 2014

Simple D I Y intercom schematic

This schematic use an old phones as an intercom. You may wish to use a 12 to 24V battery, like a Gel Cell, since the car power or cheap power wall wart style supply is probably too noisy.

Wednesday, November 12, 2014

Simple LED flasher circuit using NE555 timer IC

This circuit consumes more power, but its advantage is when you need a variable flash rate, like for strobe circuits. You can actually use this circuit as a remote control for strobes that have a remote input. Of course, it has many other applications besides strobes.

R1, R2, C1 and the supply voltage determine the flash rate. Using a regulated power supply will do much to insure a stable flash rate. For a variable flash rate, replace R1 with a 1 megohm pot in series with a 22k resistor.
The duty cycle of the circuit (the percentage of the time LED 1 is on to the time it is off during each cycle) is deterimed by the ratio of R1 to R2. If the value of R1 is low in relationship to R2, the duty cycle will be near 50 percent. If you use both LEDs, you will probably want a 50 percent duty cycle. On the other hand, if R2 is low compared to R1, the duty cycle will be less than 50 percent. This is useful to conserve battery life, or to produce a strobe type effect, when only LED1 is used.
The NE555 timer chip can be damaged by reverse polarity voltage being applied to it. You can make the circuit goof proof by placing a diode in series with one of the supply leads.
The purpose of R3 and R4 is to limit current through the LEDs to the maximum they can handle (usually 20 milliamps). You should select the value of these according to the supply voltage. 470 ohms works well with a supply voltage of 9-12 volts. You will need to reduce the value for lower supply voltages.
Rainbow Kits offers several kits to build the above circuit. You can also order these kits from RadioShack.com. The Radio Shack catalog numbers (and web pages) are as follows: standard kit with two 5mm red LEDs, (990-0067), kit with two red, two green and two yellow 3mm LEDs, (990-0063), kit with jumbo green LEDs, (990-0048), kit with jumbo red LEDs, (990-0049). You can also buy all the parts to build the circuit at your local Radio Shack store, including a circuit board (276-159B).

Wednesday, November 5, 2014

Simple Electronic Code Lock

The circuit diagram of a simple electronic code lock is shown in figure. A 9-digit code number is used to operate the code lock.When power supply to the circuit is turned on, a positive pulse is applied to the RESET pin (pin 15) through capacitor C1. Thus, the first output terminal Q1 (pin 3) of the decade counter IC (CD 4017) will be high and all other outputs (Q2 to Q10) will be low. To shift the high state from Q1 to Q2, a positive pulse must be applied at the clock input terminal (pin 14) of IC1. This is possible only by pressing the push-to-on switch S1 momentarily.

Simple Electronic Code Lock Circuit diagram:

On pressing switch S1, the high state shifts from Q1 to Q2. Now, to change the high state from Q2 to Q3, apply another positive pulse at pin 14, which is possible only by pressing switch S2. Similarly, the high state can be shifted up to the tenth output (Q10) by pressing the switches S1 through S9 sequentially in that order. When Q10 (pin 11) is high, transistor T1 conducts and energises relay RL1. The relay can be used to switch ‘on’ power to any electrical appliance. Diodes D1 through D9 are provided to prevent damage/malfunctioning of the IC when two switches corresponding to ‘high’ and ‘low’ output terminals are pressed simultaneously.

Capacitor C2 and resistor R3 are provided to prevent noise during switching action. witch S10 is used to reset the circuit manually. Switches S1 to S10 can be mounted on a keyboard panel, and any number or letter can be used to mark them. Switch S10 is also placed together with other switches so that any stranger trying to operate the lock frequently presses the switch S10, thereby resetting the circuit many times. Thus, he is never able to turn the relay ‘on’. If necessary, two or three switches can be connected in parallel with S10 and placed on the key-board panel for more safety. A 12V power supply is used for the circuit. The circuit is very simple and can be easily assembled on a general-purpose PCB. The code number can be easily changed by changing the connections to switches (S1 to S9).

Simple Clever Rain Alarm

Usually rain-alarms employ a single sensor. A serious draw-back of this type of sensor is that even if a single drop of water falls on the sensor, the alarm would sound. There is a probability that the alarm may be false. To overcome this draw-back, here we make use of four sensors, each placed well away from the other at suitable spots on the roof. The rain alarm would sound only if all the four sensors get wet. This reduces the probability of false alarm to a very great extent. The four rain-sensors SR1 to SR4, along with pull-up resistors R1 to R4 (connected to positive rails) and inverters N1 to N4, form the rain-sensor monitor stage. The sensor wires are brought to the PCB input points E1 to E5 using a 5-core cable. The four outputs of Schmitt inverter gates N1 to N4 go to the four inputs of Schmitt NAND gate N7, that makes the alarm driver stage.

Clever Rain-Alarm Circuit Diagram

When all four sensors sense the rain, all four inputs to gates N1 through N4 go low and their outputs go high. Thus all four in-puts to NAND gate N7 also go high and its output at pin 6 goes to logic 0. The out-put of gate N7 is high if any one or more of the rain-sensor plates SR1 through SR4 remain dry. The output of gate N7 is coupled to inverter gates N5 and N6. The output from gate N5 (logic 1 when rain is sensed) is brought to ‘EXT’ output connector, which may be used to control other external devices.

The output from the other inverter gate N6 is used as enable input for NAND gate N8, which is configured as a low-frequency oscillator to drive/modulate the piezo buzzer via transistor T1. The frequency of the oscillator/modulator stage is variable between 10 Hz and 200 Hz with the help of preset VR1. The buzzer is of piezo-electric type having a continuous tone that is inter-rupted by the low-frequency output of N8. The buzzer will sound whenever rain is sensed (by all four sensors). 6V power supply (100mA) is used here to enable proper interfacing of the CMOS and TTL ICs used in the circuit. The power supply requirement is quite low and a 6-volt battery pack can be easily used. During quiscent-state, only a negligible cur-rent is consumed by the circuit.

Even during active state, not more than 20mA current is needed for driving a good-quality piezo-buzzer. Please note that IC2, being of TTL type, needs a 5V regulated supply. There-fore zener D1, along with capacitor C2 and resistor R5, are used for this purpose.A parallel-track, general-purpose PCB or a veroboard is enough to hold all the components. The rain-sensors SR1 to SR4 can be fabricated as shown in the construction guide in Fig. 2. They can be made simply by connecting alternate parallel tracks using jumpers on the component side.

Use some epoxy cement on and around the wire joints at A and B to avoid corrosion. Also, the sensors can be cemented in place with epoxy cement. If the number of sensors is to be increased, just add another set of CD40106 and 7413 ICs along with the associated discrete components. Another good utility of the rain-alarm is in agriculture. When drip-irrigation is employed, fix the four sensors at four corners of the tree-pits, at a suit-able height from the ground. Then, as soon as the water rises to the sensor’s level, the circuit can be used to switch off the water pump.

Monday, November 3, 2014

Simple Mini Power Inverter

Even robot systems occasionally need a negative supply voltage for some purpose or other, and in this kind of application in particular there is a need for an effective circuit that does not make greater demands then necessary in terms of current or space. If a low current 5 V supply is needed and only +5 V is available, a natural manufacturer to turn to is Maxim, and indeed in this case they do not let us down.The best known integrated circuit made by this company is the MAX232, a level shifter for serial ports with an integrated charge pump that does not need an external inductor.

Simple Mini Power Inverter image:

Along the same lines, although with a more stable output voltage and higher efficiency, is the MAX660. The device can ‘mirror’ any input voltage between 1.5 V and 5.5 V. With a 5 V input the output is typically –4.7 V with a load of 100 mA. Efficiency at 10 mA is around 96 % and at 100 mA is around 88 %. With an open-circuit output the IC draws a quiescent current of just 120 μA.There is little to say about the circuit itself.

Simple Mini Power Inverter Circuit diagram:

The 0 Ω resistor on pin 1 selects the operating frequency. With R1 fitted, the circuit operates at 80 kHz; without it, at 10 kHz. The combination of L1 and C5 slightly reduces ripple on the output voltage; the choice of inductor is not as critical as it would be if it formed part of the switching circuit.Gerber files for the printed circuit board (which uses some SMD components) are available for download from the Elektor website, ref. 070279-11.zip. R1, C1 and C4 are 0603 SMDs and C3 is an SMD tantalum electrolytic capacitor. Either the MAX-660CSA or the MAX660M can be used; both come in SO8 packages. L1 is a 10 μH SMD inductor rated at 300 mA.

Wednesday, October 29, 2014

Simple Audio Controlled Mains Switch Circuit Diagram

To day i share a Simple Audio Controlled Mains Switch Circuit Diagram. It is often useful for audio or video equipment to be switched off automatically after there has been no input signal for a while. The function of the on-off switch in such equipment is then taken over by switch S2 in the accompanying diagram. It remains, however, possible to switch off manually by means of Si. Automatic switch-off occurs after there has been no input signal for about 2 minutes: this delay makes it possible for a new record or cassette to be placed in the relevant machine.

The audio input to the proposed circuit may be taken from the output of the relevant TV set, amplifier, or whatever. The input earth is held at + 6 V with respect to the circuit earth by potential divider Ri-R2-R3-R4. The two 741s function as comparators: the output of ICi goes high when the in- put signal is greater than + 50 mV, whereas the out- put of IC2 goes high when the input signal becomes more negative than -50 mV. Resistors R6, R7, and R8 form an OR gate that drives transistor Ti. If the output of either ICi or IC2 is logic 1, Ti conducts.

Audio Controlled Mains Switch Circuit diagram :

Audio Controlled Mains Switch Circuit Diagram

The 555 operates as a retrigger able monostable, whose period is determined by Rio and Ci. The device is triggered when its pin 2 is earthed by the closing of S2. Its output, pin 3, then remains high for 1 to 2 minutes, depending on the leakage cur- rent of the 555.

The monostable resets itself as soon as the potential across Ci exceeds a certain value. As long as there is an input signal to the circuit, Ti conducts and Ci remains uncharged. As soon as the audio signal ceases, Ti switches off, and Ci charges until the potential across it is sufficient to reset the 555. The monostable may also be reset by closing Si, which connects pin 6 of the 555 to + 12 V.

When IC3 is reset, Ci is discharged via its pin 7. Resistor Rrn serves as protection, because without it Ti could short-circuit the supply lines. When the output of IC3 goes high, T2 conducts, the relay is energized, and the relay contacts switch on the mains voltage as appropriate. To counter the induced potential when the relay contacts close, which could damage T2, diode Di has been connected in parallel with the relay coil.

Friday, October 17, 2014

Simple Shadow Detector Alarm

This is also known as Sun up alarm, in this circuit you can set the LDR’s sensitivity by 100k potentiometer, you can set it with any lamp around your room (tube light, bulb, LED etc) by varrying the 100k potentiometer. We can also control the buzzer time by 1M potentiometer

You can Enhance this project and set the sensitivity of the LDR with a lazer light and keep it on the way of any door circuit at one side and lazer at other side of the door and a then you can make this project to buzz as soon as some one enters in a room

I personally set this project in my room with sensitivity of tube light and whenever i came in and turn my room’s tube light on

sourced by: rookieelectronics

Parts Required:

100k & 1M potentiometers
10k, 1Mx(3), 47k
0.1mF, 0.01mF & 10mF
LDR
BC337 transistor
Beeper/Buzzer
9v Battery Supply

Circuit Diagram:
Shadow

Saturday, September 20, 2014

Simple 555 Timer circuit diagram

A lot of guys requested a simple timer schema so this is the schema.This schema runs with main IC NE555. you can change the frequencies of the schema by changing the values of R1, R2,C .This schema runs with 4.5V.

Note :

# Dont supply more than 4.5V
# Build this on a PCB

Monday, September 15, 2014

Simple Amplifier Schematic

This Circuit Use a IC BA515 for operation it. This is very simple Amplifier schematic , with only add 8 component , such as resistor and capacitor. Minimum voltage require 3 Volt , this also low voltage amplifier . And maximum voltage require 9 volt. Power output under 10 Watt with impedance 4 Ohm. This circuit is very suitable for small speakers.

See schematic below :

If the circuit above not working may cause as follows :
- Check voltage on the circuit , wether or not the voltage.
- Check wether the components are soldered onto PCB properly.
- Check input and output wether working or not.
- Check input output cable , if there are disconnected , or a short circuit. Or input connected with ground.

Wednesday, September 10, 2014

Simple Tone Control Wiring diagram Schematic TDA2030

Simple Tone Control Circuit Diagram TDA2030. This is a best tone schema with TDA2030, Tone controls include Bass, Treebel, and Volume. Power amplifier and tone control has been put together in a single PCB. As well as its power supply schema was also used as one with the power amp, and tone control. Making it easier in the installation and will look neat.

Simple Tone Control Circuit Diagram

PCB Layout

PCB Design

This amplifier is a mono amplifier type, can be modif for guitar amplifiers. If not coupled amplifier (mic preamp) then you must deactivated potensio treble and bass, why? because if not using a mic preamp and still maintain potensio treble and bass sound input (input) from the guitar will not or the maximum discharge is not tight on the speakers. So you must deactivated a way to decide which directly connected capacitor with the tone control schema, and capacitor were connected directly to potensio volume and input jack.

Saturday, September 6, 2014

Simple Audio Power Meter Circuit

This simple schema indicates the amount of power that goes to a loudspeaker. The dual-color LED shows green at an applied power level of about 1 watt. At 1.5 watts it glows orange and above 3 watts it is bright red. The schema is connected in parallel with the loudspeaker connections and is powered from the audio signal. The additional load that this represents is 470 Ohm (R1//R3) will not be a problem for any amplifier. During the positive half cycle of the output signal the green LED in the dual-color LED will be turned on, provided the voltage is sufficiently high.

At higher output voltages, T1 (depending on the voltage divider R2/R1) will begin to conduct and the green LED will go out. During the negative half cycle the red LED is driven via R3 and will turn on when the voltage is high enough. In the transition region (where T1 conducts more and more and ‘throttles’ the green LED as a result) the combination of red/green gives the orange colour of the dual-LED. By choosing appropriate values for the resistors the power levels can be adjusted to suit.

Circuit diagram:

simple-audio-power-meter-schema-diagram1

Audio Power Meter Circuit Diagram

The values selected here are for typical living room use. You will be surprised at how loud you have to turn your amplifier up before you get the LEDs to go! The resistors can be 0.25 W types, provided the amplifier does not deliver more than 40 W continuously. Above this power the transistor will not be that happy either, so watch out for that too. Because T1 is used in saturation, the gain (Hfe) is not at all important and any similar type can be used. The power levels mentioned are valid for 4-Ohm speakers. For 8-Ohm speakers all the resistor values have to be divided by two.

Source :Streampowers

Simple Electronic Door Lock Wiring diagram Schematic

Its easy to build and straight forward. This electronic door lock has a remarkable conception because it uses only one active component. How does it work?

Electronic Door Lock Circuit Diagram

To put the relay in tension the 4 buttons S1 – S4 must be pressed. If anyone of the 4 butoons S5 – S8 are pushed the relay doesn’t switch. The supply voltage must be equal to the working voltage of the relay. One transistor like BD135 can switch up to 0.5A, at the same time 2N2222 can do only 0.2A.

Friday, September 5, 2014

Simple Window Charger Wiring diagram Schematic

This is the Simple Window Charger Circuit Diagram. Keep away intruders with this compact electrified window charger. The charger produces non-lethal shocks that are strong enough to threaten intruders.

The schema uses IC CD4047 as a free-running stable multivibrator. Capacitor C1 and preset VR1 are timing components. The pulse repetition rate is determined by the value of 4.4C1×VR1. The frequency can be varied with the help of preset VR1.

Simple Window Charger Circuit Diagram

The IC generates complementary square wave signals at pins 10 and 11. Transistors T1 and T2 serve as drivers for the following push-pull amplifier stage. A high-voltage generator, realised using step-up transformer X1 and medium-power transistors T3 and T4, follows the stable multivibrator. The step down transformer is used for reverse function (step-up) and its output is rectified by diode D1, filtered by capacitor C3 and then given to window (made of metal frame).

Sourced By: EFY Author : Pradeep G.

Wednesday, September 3, 2014

Simple Tremolo Effect

This tremolo effect schema uses the XR2206 and the TCA730 IC which is designed as an electronic balance and volume regulator with frequency correction. The schema is use full for stereo channels and it also has the ability to simulate the Lesley effect aka rotating loudspeaker effect.

How does the tremolo effect schema works

Balance and volume settings are done with a linear potentiometer for both channels. If this potentiometer is replaced with an AC voltage source, a periodic modulation of the input signal can be achieved. This AC voltage source comes from the function generator IC XR2206. This IC generates square, triangle and sine wave signals but for this project we use only the sine wave.

IC Tremolo effect schema schematic

The modulation voltage can be varied with P1 from 1 Hz up to 25 Hz. Resistor R3 sets the operation level of the sine wave generator. R5 and R6 set the DC voltage and the sine wave amplitude at the output. C2 is a ripple filter. The square wave output of the XR2206 drives T2 and a LED to optically display the frequency.

The modulating voltage reaches pin 13 of TCA730 via P3 and R10. This input functions as the volume control or in this case the volume modulation. The degree of the balance modulation (Lesley effect) can be varied with P2. A regulated power supply using 7815 IC is recommended. Do not use a non-stabilized power supply since the current variations would influence the modulation negatively.
Attach the 7815 IC to a good heat sink (about 10 cm2).

Simple Uhf Tv Line Amplifier Wiring diagram Schematic

Simple Uhf Tv-Line Amplifier Circuit Diagram. This is very best project schema, This schema is This schema offers 10- to 15-dB gain from 400 to 850 MHz and is therefore eminently suitable for situations where the television signal is weak. Moreover, the filters can be adapted to the individual needs of users. Construction is simplicity itself if the ready-made PC board shown on the next page is used. The tracks should be tinned or silvered for optimum performance and long life. The opening at the center of the board is intended to accommodate the transistor.

Simple Uhf Tv-Line Amplifier Circuit Diagram

This device has two emitter pins, both of which should be connected to ground. The drawings show that the board is divided into two by a small piece of tin plate, which should have a small cut-out for the transistor. The input and output terminals are made from small cable clamps and M3 nuts and bolts. One side of disc capacitors C4, C5, C8, and C9 is soldered direct to the board. Input and output capacitors, C1/C2 and C6/C7 respectively are surface-mount types. C1/C2/L1 form an input filter and C6/C7/L2 form an output filter. The value of the capacitors might have to be lowered to 3.9 pF to obtain the correct frequency range. The amplifier can be housed in a watertight case and then mounted near the antenna at the top of the mast (if used).

The power is obtained from a simple stabilized 12-V supply: a mains adapter with a 78L12 will do nicely. This can be kept indoors, of course. The amplifier can be powered via the coaxial feeder cable, for which purpose a 10- to 100- choke is inserted in the supply line. Calibrating the amplifier is straightforward: set PI to the center of its travel and then adjust it for optimum picture quality. In practice, the collector current of the transistor is then 5 to 15 mA. This may be checked by temporarily replacing jump lead A by one suitable meter.

PARTS LIST
Rl, R2 = 1 KOhmhm
R3 = 2 ki2
R4 = 470 PI = 5 preset potentiometer
CI, C2, C6, C7 = 10 pF surface mount
C3 = 10 -, 35 V C4,
C8 = 1 nF disc C5, C9 Â« 1 nF disc
LI, L2 = air core, 2 turns of 3mm diameter enamelled copper wire
L3, L4 = 10- choke or 10 turns of 0.2 mm diameter enamelled copper wire on a ferrite bead.
T1 = 2SC3358.

Sunday, August 31, 2014

Build a Simple 12v to 9v converter

This little schema uses a LM317 variable voltage regulator to adjust the input voltage down to +9 volt, or whatever else you need. Just a solid basic schema without bells and whistles.

You can do with a 10uF capacitor for C1 if your battery is close to this schema. If it is located more than 3 feet increase the value to 100uF or above. Without a coolrib it can easily handle 500mA. If you need more, or the maximum current (1.5A), then a good coolrib is required.

Trimmer potent meter R3 will vary the output voltage. Ceramic capacitor C2 improves frequency/transient response. Can be omitted if not needed for your application. If you want extra protection in case the adjust pin is short schemaed, add an extra 1N4001 diode over the input and the output. Cathode to input. But normally only used if the output is way over 25V.

R1 and R3 determine the output voltage. You can adapt them for your own needs and applications.
Use the following formula: (((R1+R3)/R2)+1)*1.25=V-out which comes to: (((560+1000)/220)+1)*1.25 = 10.11V (assuming V-in is 12V).

Or vice-versa: ((V-out/1.25)-1)*R2=R1+R3 which comes to: ((9/1.25)-1)*220=1364. For 1364, you can make R1=560 and R3=1K, which will give plenty of play.

After dozens of emails I have included the above schema. The parts with the red X are added and act to boost the amperage. The NTE393 transistor can handle 25A with a sufficient cool rib.

Other power transistors, such as the TIP2955, or similar can be used also. The power transistor is used to boost the extra needed current above the maximum allowable current provided via the regulator. Current up to 1500mA(1.5A) will flow through the regulator, anything above that makes the regulator conduct and adding the extra needed current to the output load.

It is no problem stacking power transistors for even more current. Both regulator and power transistor must be mounted on an adequate heatsink, and if you intend to use lots of amps a fan would be nice too.

Simple 5V Supply High Side Switcher Wiring diagram Schematic

This is a Simple 5V Supply High-Side Switcher Circuit Diagram. This schema requiring only 10uA of quiescent current, the schema of (Fig. 62-1 (a)) produces only 0.1ohm ON-rises-trance. IC1 is a charge pump voltage converter to produce a 5V level, so analog switch IC2 can provide a 10-V swing to MOSFET Ql.

5V Supply High-Side Switcher Circuit Diagram

This schema uses a voltage converter to enable the analog switch to apply a 4.3V swing to logic level NMOS power transistor Q1. ON resistance is 0.03ohm typical. This schema uses additional stages in the voltage-multiplying schema to provide a higher gate voltage swing. This would enable the use of a converter for an NMOS switching transistor.

Saturday, August 30, 2014

Simple FM transmitter Microphone Wiring diagram Schematic

This is a Simple FM transmitter Microphone Circuit Diagram. In this schema utlise for An op-amp IC (741) amplifies the audio signal from MIC1, and R12 controls its gain. Audio is fed to the oscillator schema Q1 and related components. D2 is a varactor diode. Audio fed to D2 causes FM of the oscillator signal. L1 is 3 turns of #18 wire. The antenna is a 12` whip.

Simple FM transmitter Microphone Circuit Diagram

How to get input from user a simple C program

A simple C++ program to get integer from user:-

Today i will teach you, how to get input from user, note we are taking here only an integer value from user like 1,2,3... not in fractional or decimal from at the end of this tutorial i will teach you to get decimal input from user.
Now to get an input from user, there is a command cin which is used to get any type of integer from user.
Starting from the first line in main function there is a command
int x int is use for integer and x is any variable to carry an input from user, means x is variable of data type integer.
Now moving to next line cout used to print on screen, which i had already discuss in previous tutorial.
Moving to next line there is a command cin>>x this command is the main command to get data from user, it will get data from user and store in variable x, you can use any variable you want.
Now its time to show the input on screen we used cout statement then text to display which is place in inverted commas after that or you can use in next line x which is variable in which data is stored.
Then closing the main function.
This is all about getting input from user.
Now there is another thing if you want to get data which is in decimal form then you have to change the data type which previously i used int for integer, for decimal data type you have to used float then a variable name.
You should try this code on your compiler by simply changing the data type from int to float.

Thats all for today, hope you understand very well, if you found any difficulty please let me know through comments.

Simple UPS Power Supply

This schema is a simple form of the commercial UPS, the schema provides a constant regulated 5 Volt output and an unregulated 12 Volt supply. In the event of electrical supply line failure the battery takes over, with no spikes on the regulated supply.

This schema can be adapted for other regulated and unregulated voltages by using different regulators and batteries. For a 15 Volt regulated supply use two 12 Volt batteries in series and a 7815 regulator. There is a lot of flexibility in this schema.

TR1 has a primary matched to the local electrical supply which is 240 Volts in the UK. The secondary winding should be rated at least 12 Volts at 2 amp, but can be higher, for example 15 Volts. FS1 is a slow blow type and protects against short diagram on the output, or indeed a faulty cell in a rechargeable battery. LED 1 will light ONLY when the electricity supply is present, with a power failure the LED will go out and output voltage is maintained by the battery. The schema below simulates a working schema with mains power applied:

Between terminals VP1 and VP3 the nominal unregulated supply is available and a 5 Volt regulated supply between VP1 and VP2. Resistor R1 and D1 are the charging path for battery B1. D1 and D3 prevent LED1 being illuminated under power fail conditions. The battery is designed to be trickle charged, charging current defined as :-

(VP5 - 0.6 ) / R1
where VP5 is the unregulated DC power supply voltage.

D2 must be included in the schema, without D2 the battery would charge from the full supply voltage without current limit, which would cause damage and overheating of some rechargeable batteries. An electrical power outage is simulated below:

Note that in all cases the 5 Volt regulated supply is maintained constantly, whilst the unregulated supply will vary a few volts.

Standby Capacity
The ability to maintain the regulated supply with no electrical supply depends on the load taken from the UPS and also the Ampere hour capacity of the battery. If you were using a 7A/h 12 Volt battery and load from the 5 Volt regulator was 0.5 Amp (and no load from the unregulated supply) then the regulated supply would be maintained for around 14 hours. Greater A/h capacity batteries would provide a longer standby time, and vice versa.